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<article role="main" id="furo-main-content">
<section id="python-virtual-environments">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>Python Virtual Environments<a class="headerlink" href="#python-virtual-environments" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>The usual tools for creating Python virtual environments—<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">venv</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">virtualenv</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pew</span></code>—don’t play well with xonsh. We won’t dig deeper into why it is so, but the general gist is that these tools are hacky and hard-coded for bash, zsh, and other mainstream shells.</p>
<p>Luckily, xonsh has its own virtual environments manager called <strong>Vox</strong>. Run to install Vox:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>xpip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>xontrib-vox
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="vox">
<h2>Vox<a class="headerlink" href="#vox" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>First, load the vox xontrib:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>xontrib<span class="w"> </span>load<span class="w"> </span>vox
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To create a new environment with vox, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">new</span> <span class="pre"><envname></span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>new<span class="w"> </span>myenv
Creating<span class="w"> </span>environment...
Environment<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"myenv"</span><span class="w"> </span>created.<span class="w"> </span>Activate<span class="w"> </span>it<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"vox activate myenv"</span>.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The interpreter <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span></code> uses to create a virtualenv is configured via the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$VOX_DEFAULT_INTERPRETER</span></code> environment variable.</p>
<p>You may also set the interpreter used to create the virtual environment by passing it explicitly to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">new</span></code> i.e.:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>new<span class="w"> </span>python2-env<span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/bin/python2
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Under the hood, vox uses Python 3’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">venv</span></code> module to create Python 3 virtualenvs. [this is the default]</p>
<p>If a Python 2 interpreter is chosen, it will use the Python 2 interpreter’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">virtualenv</span></code> module.</p>
<p>By default, environments are stored in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.virtualenvs</span></code>, but you can override it by setting the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$VIRTUALENV_HOME</span></code> environment variable.</p>
<p>To see all existing environments, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">list</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>list
Available<span class="w"> </span>environments:
<span class="w"> </span>eggs
<span class="w"> </span>myenv
<span class="w"> </span>spam
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To activate an environment, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">activate</span> <span class="pre"><envname></span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>activate<span class="w"> </span>myenv
Activated<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"myenv"</span>.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">activate</span></code>, you can call <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">workon</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">enter</span></code>.</p>
<p>If you want to activate an environment which is stored somewhere else (maybe because it was created by another tool) you can pass to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">activate</span></code> a path to a virtual environment:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>activate<span class="w"> </span>/home/user/myenv
Activated<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"/home/user/myenv"</span>.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To exit the currently active environment, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">deactivate</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">exit</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>deactivate
Deactivated<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"myenv"</span>.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To remove an environment, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">remove</span> <span class="pre"><envname></span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>remove<span class="w"> </span>myenv
Environment<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"myenv"</span><span class="w"> </span>removed.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">remove</span></code>, you can call <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rm</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">delete</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">del</span></code>.</p>
<p>To see all available commands, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">help</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">--help</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span> <span class="pre">-h</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Vox<span class="w"> </span>is<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>virtual<span class="w"> </span>environment<span class="w"> </span>manager<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>xonsh.
Available<span class="w"> </span>commands:
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>new<span class="w"> </span><env>
<span class="w"> </span>Create<span class="w"> </span>new<span class="w"> </span>virtual<span class="w"> </span>environment<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$VIRTUALENV_HOME</span>
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>activate<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>workon,<span class="w"> </span>enter<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span><env>
<span class="w"> </span>Activate<span class="w"> </span>virtual<span class="w"> </span>environment
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>deactivate<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nb">exit</span><span class="o">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span>Deactivate<span class="w"> </span>current<span class="w"> </span>virtual<span class="w"> </span>environment
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>list<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>ls<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span>List<span class="w"> </span>environments<span class="w"> </span>available<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$VIRTUALENV_HOME</span>
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span>remove<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>rm,<span class="w"> </span>delete,<span class="w"> </span>del<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span><env><span class="w"> </span><env2><span class="w"> </span>...
<span class="w"> </span>Remove<span class="w"> </span>virtual<span class="w"> </span>environments
<span class="w"> </span>vox<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">help</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>-h,<span class="w"> </span>--help<span class="o">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span>Show<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">help</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="virtualenv-like-prompt">
<h3><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">virtualenv</span></code> like prompt<a class="headerlink" href="#virtualenv-like-prompt" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Although it’s included in the default prompt, you can customize your prompt
to automatically update in the same way as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">virtualenv</span></code>.</p>
<p>Simply add the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'{env_name}'</span></code> variable to your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$PROMPT</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$PROMPT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'{env_name: {}}'</span><span class="w"> </span>+<span class="w"> </span>restofmyprompt
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that you do <strong>not</strong> need to load the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vox</span></code> xontrib for this to work.
For more details see <a class="reference internal" href="tutorial.html#customprompt"><span class="std std-ref">Customizing the Prompt</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="automatically-switching-environments">
<h3>Automatically Switching Environments<a class="headerlink" href="#automatically-switching-environments" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Automatic environment switching based on the current directory is managed with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">autovox</span></code> xontrib (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xontrib</span> <span class="pre">load</span> <span class="pre">autovox</span></code>). Third-party xontribs may register various policies for use with autovox. Pick and choose xontribs that implement policies that match your work style.</p>
<p>Implementing policies is easy! Just register with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">autovox_policy</span></code> event and return a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path</span></code> if there is a matching venv. For example, this policy implements handling if there is a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.venv</span></code> directory in the project:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@events.autovox_policy
def<span class="w"> </span>dotvenv_policy<span class="o">(</span>path,<span class="w"> </span>**_<span class="o">)</span>:
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">venv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>path<span class="w"> </span>/<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'.venv'</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span>venv.exists<span class="o">()</span>:
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span>venv
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that you should only return if there is an environment for this directory exactly. Scanning parent directories is managed by autovox. You should also make the policy check relatively cheap. (Local IO is ok, but probably shouldn’t call out to network services.)</p>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Python Virtual Environments</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#vox">Vox</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#virtualenv-like-prompt"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">virtualenv</span></code> like prompt</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#automatically-switching-environments">Automatically Switching Environments</a></li>
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